Whole Numbers 0-199
- Count and use whole numbers
- Use models to represent place value to the hundreds place
- Order and compare numbers
- Show the relationship of more or less between whole numbers
- Compose and decompose (e.g., 34= 17+17; 34=29+5)
- Connect number words and numerals to the quantities they represent
Fractional Numbers
- Represent common fractions, such as halves, thirds, ad fourths
- Represent a fraction as part of a whole
Decimal Numbers
- Demonstrate understanding of monetary value by adding coins to $1.99
- Represent monetary value using dollar notation
- Make change from $1.00 or less
- Demonstrate equivalent coin combinations of the same value
Operations
- Understand various meaning of addition and subtraction of whole numbers and the relationship between the two operations
- Understand the effects of adding and subtracting whole numbers
- Understand situations that entail multiplication and division, such as equal groupings of objects and sharing equally
Computation Fluency and Estimation
- Develop and use strategies for whole-number computation in addition and subtraction
- Develop mastery of basic number combinations for addition and subtraction to 20
- Use a variety of methods and tools to compute, including objects, mental computation, estimation, paper and pencil, and calculators
Patterns, Relations, and Functions
- Sort, classify, and order objects and numbers by one or two attributes (e.g., size, number, odd, even number)
- Identify and extend a variety of patterns represented in models, tables, or sequences
- Recognize and compare similar repeating or growing patters in different representations
Algebraic Symbols
- Illustrate general principles and properties of addition and subtraction
- Show a conceptual understanding of equality in addition and subtraction expressions by finding a value that makes an open sentence true
- Use concrete, pictorial, and verbal representation for invented and conventional arithmetic notations
Mathematical Models
- Use objects, pictures, and symbols to model situations involving addition and subtraction of whole numbers; both operations may be used in a single equation
- Use more than one model to demonstrate an addition or subtraction problem
- Use tables or equations to model a problem situation
Analysis of change
- Describe and predict qualitative and quantitative changes in the real world
Geometric Shapes
- Identify and describe two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes using mathematical terms
- Sort and classify two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes by two or more attributes
- Predict results of putting together (composing) and taking apart (decomposing) shapes
- Distinguish between geometric shapes and non-examples
Spatial Relationships
- Use appropriate language to describe relative positions
- Navigate in space by giving directions from one place to another
- Find and compare locations on a simple coordinate system or map
Transformations and Symmetry
- Recognize and create shapes that are transformations (slides, flips, turns)
- Recognize and create shapes that have line symmetry using manipulatives
Problem Solving
- Reproduce images of geometric designs based on spatial (visual) memory
- Recognize and represent shapes from different perspectives
- Recognize geometric shapes and structures in the natural environment and specify their location
Units, Systems, and Processes of Measurement
- Recognize measurement attributes: length (to the whole inch and foot and whole centimeter and meter), volume, weight, area, and time (to the hour by 15 min. intervals)
- Compare and order objects according the length, volume, weight, area, and time
- Understand how to measure using nonstandard and standard units
- Select an appropriate unit and tools for the attribute being measured
- Use equivalencies of 12 inches equals one foot; 100 centimeters equals one meter, and 60 minutes equals one hour when solving problems
Determining Measurement
- Measure with multiple copies of the same size, such as paper clips laid end to end
- Use repetition of a single unit to measure something larger that the unit, for instance, measuring the length of a room with a single meter stick
- Use appropriate tools to measure length, weight, volume, area, and time
- Develop common referents for measures to make comparisons and estimates
Formulation of Questions
- Pose questions and gather data about themselves and their surroundings
- Sort and classify objects according to their attributes and organize data about the objects
- Represent data using objects, pictures, and graphs
Analysis of Data
- Use mathematical language to describe parts of the data and the set of data as a whole to determine what the data show
Inferences and Predictions
- Discuss and justify predictions that are based on data